What factors underlie the exclusion of some poor households from welfare programmes? This article contributes to answering the question through a comparative examination of households’ demographic characteristics, social capital, and communities’ spatial (dis)advantage as determinants of enrolment in three social programmes in Andhra Pradesh. The main findings indicate that traditionally marginalised demographic groups do not experience programme exclusion significantly more than other groups but that households’ social-network capital and communities’ spatial advantage increase households’ programme inclusion. The importance of social capital for programme inclusion vanes, however, in spatially more advantaged communities.