Scoping review on the use and meaning of sport in prison and after detention

The aim of this study was to provide knowledge on existing literature and research regarding the use and meaning of sports during and after incarceration. To achieve this, a scoping review was conducted, entering one hundred and seventeen combinations of search terms related to sports and incarceration into Google Scholar and Web of Science, focusing on titles and/or key terms. Ultimately, one hundred and fifty-two publications were included in the scoping review. The identified literature and research on 'the meaning of sports during and after detention' discuss the outcomes related to physical and mental health, behaviour, and the rehabilitation of prisoners, all with the ultimate goal of reducing recidivism and supporting the successful reintegration of ex-prisoners. These results revealed knowledge gaps that are explored in the discussion. The conclusion provides a critical examination of the results and knowledge gaps, highlighting some indications for further research on the meaning of sports for (ex-)prisoners.