Abstract
This study evaluates the potential of four Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) models—ChatGPT-4, DeepSeek, Gemini, and Co-Pilot—to apply the principles of Islamic inheritance law. Using a GenAI Evaluation Scale (GAIES), the research assesses the accuracy, comprehensiveness, explainability, and authenticity of AI-generated responses on key topics, such as gender-based inheritance differences, orphaned grandchildren’s right to inheritance, and state-reformed inheritance laws in Egypt, Pakistan, and Iran. While ChatGPT-4 outperformed its counterparts, it still exhibited significant shortcomings, such as fabricated references and legal misinterpretations. To address these challenges, the study introduces a GenAI Application Scale (GAIAS) as a guide for the ethical use of GenAI in Islamic legal education and research. The research highlights potential risks related to AI-generated “hallucinations,” fabrications, and opaque sources, emphasizing the need for human oversight to ensure that GenAI outputs are accurate, reliable, and verifiable.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Journal of Digital Islamicate Research |
Publication status | Published - 30 Jun 2025 |
Keywords
- generative AI
- Islamic inheritance law
- transparency
- accountability,
- accuracy