Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples

T. Nakamura; M. Matsumoto; K. Amano; Y. Enokido; M. E. Zolensky; T. Mikouchi; H. Genda; S. Tanaka; M. Y. Zolotov; K. Kurosawa; S. Wakita; R. Hyodo; H. Nagano; D. Nakashima; Y. Takahashi; Y. Fujioka; M. Kikuiri; E. Kagawa; M. Matsuoka; A. J. Brearley; A. Tsuchiyama; M. Uesugi; J. Matsuno; Y. Kimura; M. Sato; R. E. Milliken; E. Tatsumi; S. Sugita; T. Hiroi; K. Kitazato; D. Brownlee; D. J. Joswiak; M. Takahashi; K. Ninomiya; T. Takahashi; T. Osawa; K. Terada; F. E. Brenker; B. J. Tkalcec; L. Vincze; R. Brunetto; A. Aléon-Toppani; Q. H. S. Chan; M. Roskosz; J.-C. Viennet; P. Beck; E. E. Alp; T. Michikami; Y. Nagaashi; T. Tsuji; Y. Ino; J. Martinez; J. Han; A. Dolocan; R. J. Bodnar; M. Tanaka; H. Yoshida; K. Sugiyama; A. J. King; K. Fukushi; H. Suga; S. Yamashita; T. Kawai; K. Inoue; A. Nakato; T. Noguchi; F. Vilas; A. R. Hendrix; C. Jaramillo-Correa; D. L. Domingue; G. Dominguez; Z. Gainsforth; C. Engrand; J. Duprat; S. S. Russell; E. Bonato; C. Ma; T. Kawamoto; T. Wada; S. Watanabe; R. Endo; S. Enju; L. Riu; S. Rubino; P. Tack; S. Takeshita; Y. Takeichi; A. Takeuchi; A. Takigawa; D. Takir; T. Tanigaki; A. Taniguchi; K. Tsukamoto; T. Yagi; S. Yamada; K. Yamamoto; Y. Yamashita; M. Yasutake; K. Uesugi; I. Umegaki; I. Chiu; T. Ishizaki; S. Okumura; E. Palomba; C. Pilorget; S. M. Potin; A. Alasli; S. Anada; Y. Araki; N. Sakatani; C. Schultz; O. Sekizawa; S. D. Sitzman; K. Sugiura; M. Sun; E. Dartois; E. De Pauw; Z. Dionnet; Z. Djouadi; G. Falkenberg; R. Fujita; T. Fukuma; I. R. Gearba; K. Hagiya; M. Y. Hu; T. Kato; T. Kawamura; M. Kimura; M. K. Kubo; F. Langenhorst; C. Lantz; B. Lavina; M. Lindner; J. Zhao; B. Vekemans; D. Baklouti; B. Bazi; F. Borondics; S. Nagasawa; G. Nishiyama; K. Nitta; J. Mathurin; T. Matsumoto; I. Mitsukawa; H. Miura; A. Miyake; Y. Miyake; H. Yurimoto; R. Okazaki; H. Yabuta; H. Naraoka; K. Sakamoto; S. Tachibana; H. C. Connolly; D. S. Lauretta; M. Yoshitake; M. Yoshikawa; K. Yoshikawa; K. Yoshihara; Y. Yokota; K. Yogata; H. Yano; Y. Yamamoto; D. Yamamoto; M. Yamada; T. Yamada; T. Yada; K. Wada; T. Usui; R. Tsukizaki; F. Terui; H. Takeuchi; Y. Takei; A. Iwamae; H. Soejima; K. Shirai; Y. Shimaki; H. Senshu; H. Sawada; T. Saiki; M. Ozaki; G. Ono; T. Okada; N. Ogawa; K. Ogawa; R. Noguchi; H. Noda; M. Nishimura; N. Namiki; S. Nakazawa; T. Morota; A. Miyazaki; A. Miura; Y. Mimasu; K. Matsumoto; K. Kumagai; T. Kouyama; S. Kikuchi; K. Kawahara; S. Kameda; T. Iwata; Y. Ishihara; M. Ishiguro; H. Ikeda; S. Hosoda; R. Honda; C. Honda; Y. Hitomi; N. Hirata; N. Hirata; T. Hayashi; M. Hayakawa; K. Hatakeda; S. Furuya; R. Fukai; A. Fujii; Y. Cho; M. Arakawa; M. Abe; S. Watanabe; Y. Tsuda

doi:10.1126/science.abn8671

Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples

T. Nakamura
, M. Matsumoto
, K. Amano
, Y. Enokido
, M. E. Zolensky
, T. Mikouchi
, H. Genda
, S. Tanaka
, M. Y. Zolotov
, K. Kurosawa
, S. Wakita
, R. Hyodo
, H. Nagano
, D. Nakashima
, Y. Takahashi
, Y. Fujioka
, M. Kikuiri
, E. Kagawa
, M. Matsuoka
, A. J. Brearley

A. Tsuchiyama, M. Uesugi, J. Matsuno, Y. Kimura, M. Sato, R. E. Milliken, E. Tatsumi, S. Sugita, T. Hiroi, K. Kitazato, D. Brownlee, D. J. Joswiak, M. Takahashi, K. Ninomiya, T. Takahashi, T. Osawa, K. Terada, F. E. Brenker, B. J. Tkalcec, L. Vincze, R. Brunetto, A. Aléon-Toppani, Q. H. S. Chan, M. Roskosz, J.-C. Viennet, P. Beck, E. E. Alp, T. Michikami, Y. Nagaashi, T. Tsuji, Y. Ino, J. Martinez, J. Han, A. Dolocan, R. J. Bodnar, M. Tanaka, H. Yoshida, K. Sugiyama, A. J. King, K. Fukushi, H. Suga, S. Yamashita, T. Kawai, K. Inoue, A. Nakato, T. Noguchi, F. Vilas, A. R. Hendrix, C. Jaramillo-Correa, D. L. Domingue, G. Dominguez, Z. Gainsforth, C. Engrand, J. Duprat, S. S. Russell, E. Bonato, C. Ma, T. Kawamoto, T. Wada, S. Watanabe, R. Endo, S. Enju, L. Riu, S. Rubino, P. Tack, S. Takeshita, Y. Takeichi, A. Takeuchi, A. Takigawa, D. Takir, T. Tanigaki, A. Taniguchi, K. Tsukamoto, T. Yagi, S. Yamada, K. Yamamoto, Y. Yamashita, M. Yasutake, K. Uesugi, I. Umegaki, I. Chiu, T. Ishizaki, S. Okumura, E. Palomba, C. Pilorget, S. M. Potin, A. Alasli, S. Anada, Y. Araki, N. Sakatani, C. Schultz, O. Sekizawa, S. D. Sitzman, K. Sugiura, M. Sun, E. Dartois, E. De Pauw, Z. Dionnet, Z. Djouadi, G. Falkenberg, R. Fujita, T. Fukuma, I. R. Gearba, K. Hagiya, M. Y. Hu, T. Kato, T. Kawamura, M. Kimura, M. K. Kubo, F. Langenhorst, C. Lantz, B. Lavina, M. Lindner, J. Zhao, B. Vekemans, D. Baklouti, B. Bazi, F. Borondics, S. Nagasawa, G. Nishiyama, K. Nitta, J. Mathurin, T. Matsumoto, I. Mitsukawa, H. Miura, A. Miyake, Y. Miyake, H. Yurimoto, R. Okazaki, H. Yabuta, H. Naraoka, K. Sakamoto, S. Tachibana, H. C. Connolly, D. S. Lauretta, M. Yoshitake, M. Yoshikawa, K. Yoshikawa, K. Yoshihara, Y. Yokota, K. Yogata, H. Yano, Y. Yamamoto, D. Yamamoto, M. Yamada, T. Yamada, T. Yada, K. Wada, T. Usui, R. Tsukizaki, F. Terui, H. Takeuchi, Y. Takei, A. Iwamae, H. Soejima, K. Shirai, Y. Shimaki, H. Senshu, H. Sawada, T. Saiki, M. Ozaki, G. Ono, T. Okada, N. Ogawa, K. Ogawa, R. Noguchi, H. Noda, M. Nishimura, N. Namiki, S. Nakazawa, T. Morota, A. Miyazaki, A. Miura, Y. Mimasu, K. Matsumoto, K. Kumagai, T. Kouyama, S. Kikuchi, K. Kawahara, S. Kameda, T. Iwata, Y. Ishihara, M. Ishiguro, H. Ikeda, S. Hosoda, R. Honda, C. Honda, Y. Hitomi, N. Hirata, N. Hirata, T. Hayashi, M. Hayakawa, K. Hatakeda, S. Furuya, R. Fukai, A. Fujii, Y. Cho, M. Arakawa, M. Abe, S. Watanabe, Y. Tsuda

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Abstract

Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu were brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We analyzed 17 Ryugu samples measuring 1 to 8 millimeters. Carbon dioxide–bearing water inclusions are present within a pyrrhotite crystal, indicating that Ryugu’s parent asteroid formed in the outer Solar System. The samples contain low abundances of materials that formed at high temperatures, such as chondrules and calcium- and aluminum-rich inclusions. The samples are rich in phyllosilicates and carbonates, which formed through aqueous alteration reactions at low temperature, high pH, and water/rock ratios of lt;1 (by mass). Less altered fragments contain olivine, pyroxene, amorphous silicates, calcite, and phosphide. Numerical simulations, based on the mineralogical and physical properties of the samples, indicate that Ryugu’s parent body formed ~2 million years after the beginning of Solar System formation.

Original language	English
Article number	eabn8671
Journal	Science
Volume	379
Issue number	6634
Early online date	22 Sept 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn8671
Publication status	Published - 24 Feb 2023

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10.1126/science.abn8671

Accepted ManuscriptAccepted author manuscript, 1.46 MB

Cite this

Nakamura, T., Matsumoto, M., Amano, K., Enokido, Y., Zolensky, M. E., Mikouchi, T., Genda, H., Tanaka, S., Zolotov, M. Y., Kurosawa, K., Wakita, S., Hyodo, R., Nagano, H., Nakashima, D., Takahashi, Y., Fujioka, Y., Kikuiri, M., Kagawa, E., Matsuoka, M., ... Tsuda, Y. (2023). Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples. Science, 379(6634), Article eabn8671. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn8671

@article{727e091431d34a069b535cc1146e8037,

title = "Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples",

abstract = "Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu were brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We analyzed 17 Ryugu samples measuring 1 to 8 millimeters. Carbon dioxide–bearing water inclusions are present within a pyrrhotite crystal, indicating that Ryugu{\textquoteright}s parent asteroid formed in the outer Solar System. The samples contain low abundances of materials that formed at high temperatures, such as chondrules and calcium- and aluminum-rich inclusions. The samples are rich in phyllosilicates and carbonates, which formed through aqueous alteration reactions at low temperature, high pH, and water/rock ratios of lt;1 (by mass). Less altered fragments contain olivine, pyroxene, amorphous silicates, calcite, and phosphide. Numerical simulations, based on the mineralogical and physical properties of the samples, indicate that Ryugu{\textquoteright}s parent body formed \textasciitilde{}2 million years after the beginning of Solar System formation.",

author = "T. Nakamura and M. Matsumoto and K. Amano and Y. Enokido and Zolensky, \{M. E.\} and T. Mikouchi and H. Genda and S. Tanaka and Zolotov, \{M. Y.\} and K. Kurosawa and S. Wakita and R. Hyodo and H. Nagano and D. Nakashima and Y. Takahashi and Y. Fujioka and M. Kikuiri and E. Kagawa and M. Matsuoka and Brearley, \{A. J.\} and A. Tsuchiyama and M. Uesugi and J. Matsuno and Y. Kimura and M. Sato and Milliken, \{R. E.\} and E. Tatsumi and S. Sugita and T. Hiroi and K. Kitazato and D. Brownlee and Joswiak, \{D. J.\} and M. Takahashi and K. Ninomiya and T. Takahashi and T. Osawa and K. Terada and Brenker, \{F. E.\} and Tkalcec, \{B. J.\} and L. Vincze and R. Brunetto and A. Al{\'e}on-Toppani and Chan, \{Q. H. S.\} and M. Roskosz and J.-C. Viennet and P. Beck and Alp, \{E. E.\} and T. Michikami and Y. Nagaashi and T. Tsuji and Y. Ino and J. Martinez and J. Han and A. Dolocan and Bodnar, \{R. J.\} and M. Tanaka and H. Yoshida and K. Sugiyama and King, \{A. J.\} and K. Fukushi and H. Suga and S. Yamashita and T. Kawai and K. Inoue and A. Nakato and T. Noguchi and F. Vilas and Hendrix, \{A. R.\} and C. Jaramillo-Correa and Domingue, \{D. L.\} and G. Dominguez and Z. Gainsforth and C. Engrand and J. Duprat and Russell, \{S. S.\} and E. Bonato and C. Ma and T. Kawamoto and T. Wada and S. Watanabe and R. Endo and S. Enju and L. Riu and S. Rubino and P. Tack and S. Takeshita and Y. Takeichi and A. Takeuchi and A. Takigawa and D. Takir and T. Tanigaki and A. Taniguchi and K. Tsukamoto and T. Yagi and S. Yamada and K. Yamamoto and Y. Yamashita and M. Yasutake and K. Uesugi and I. Umegaki and I. Chiu and T. Ishizaki and S. Okumura and E. Palomba and C. Pilorget and Potin, \{S. M.\} and A. Alasli and S. Anada and Y. Araki and N. Sakatani and C. Schultz and O. Sekizawa and Sitzman, \{S. D.\} and K. Sugiura and M. Sun and E. Dartois and Pauw, \{E. De\} and Z. Dionnet and Z. Djouadi and G. Falkenberg and R. Fujita and T. Fukuma and Gearba, \{I. R.\} and K. Hagiya and Hu, \{M. Y.\} and T. Kato and T. Kawamura and M. Kimura and Kubo, \{M. K.\} and F. Langenhorst and C. Lantz and B. Lavina and M. Lindner and J. Zhao and B. Vekemans and D. Baklouti and B. Bazi and F. Borondics and S. Nagasawa and G. Nishiyama and K. Nitta and J. Mathurin and T. Matsumoto and I. Mitsukawa and H. Miura and A. Miyake and Y. Miyake and H. Yurimoto and R. Okazaki and H. Yabuta and H. Naraoka and K. Sakamoto and S. Tachibana and Connolly, \{H. C.\} and Lauretta, \{D. S.\} and M. Yoshitake and M. Yoshikawa and K. Yoshikawa and K. Yoshihara and Y. Yokota and K. Yogata and H. Yano and Y. Yamamoto and D. Yamamoto and M. Yamada and T. Yamada and T. Yada and K. Wada and T. Usui and R. Tsukizaki and F. Terui and H. Takeuchi and Y. Takei and A. Iwamae and H. Soejima and K. Shirai and Y. Shimaki and H. Senshu and H. Sawada and T. Saiki and M. Ozaki and G. Ono and T. Okada and N. Ogawa and K. Ogawa and R. Noguchi and H. Noda and M. Nishimura and N. Namiki and S. Nakazawa and T. Morota and A. Miyazaki and A. Miura and Y. Mimasu and K. Matsumoto and K. Kumagai and T. Kouyama and S. Kikuchi and K. Kawahara and S. Kameda and T. Iwata and Y. Ishihara and M. Ishiguro and H. Ikeda and S. Hosoda and R. Honda and C. Honda and Y. Hitomi and N. Hirata and N. Hirata and T. Hayashi and M. Hayakawa and K. Hatakeda and S. Furuya and R. Fukai and A. Fujii and Y. Cho and M. Arakawa and M. Abe and S. Watanabe and Y. Tsuda",

year = "2023",

month = feb,

day = "24",

doi = "10.1126/science.abn8671",

language = "English",

volume = "379",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

number = "6634",

}

Nakamura, T, Matsumoto, M, Amano, K, Enokido, Y, Zolensky, ME, Mikouchi, T, Genda, H, Tanaka, S, Zolotov, MY, Kurosawa, K, Wakita, S, Hyodo, R, Nagano, H, Nakashima, D, Takahashi, Y, Fujioka, Y, Kikuiri, M, Kagawa, E, Matsuoka, M, Brearley, AJ, Tsuchiyama, A, Uesugi, M, Matsuno, J, Kimura, Y, Sato, M, Milliken, RE, Tatsumi, E, Sugita, S, Hiroi, T, Kitazato, K, Brownlee, D, Joswiak, DJ, Takahashi, M, Ninomiya, K, Takahashi, T, Osawa, T, Terada, K, Brenker, FE, Tkalcec, BJ, Vincze, L, Brunetto, R, Aléon-Toppani, A, Chan, QHS, Roskosz, M, Viennet, J-C, Beck, P, Alp, EE, Michikami, T, Nagaashi, Y, Tsuji, T, Ino, Y, Martinez, J, Han, J, Dolocan, A, Bodnar, RJ, Tanaka, M, Yoshida, H, Sugiyama, K, King, AJ, Fukushi, K, Suga, H, Yamashita, S, Kawai, T, Inoue, K, Nakato, A, Noguchi, T, Vilas, F, Hendrix, AR, Jaramillo-Correa, C, Domingue, DL, Dominguez, G, Gainsforth, Z, Engrand, C, Duprat, J, Russell, SS, Bonato, E, Ma, C, Kawamoto, T, Wada, T, Watanabe, S, Endo, R, Enju, S, Riu, L, Rubino, S, Tack, P, Takeshita, S, Takeichi, Y, Takeuchi, A, Takigawa, A, Takir, D, Tanigaki, T, Taniguchi, A, Tsukamoto, K, Yagi, T, Yamada, S, Yamamoto, K, Yamashita, Y, Yasutake, M, Uesugi, K, Umegaki, I, Chiu, I, Ishizaki, T, Okumura, S, Palomba, E, Pilorget, C, Potin, SM, Alasli, A, Anada, S, Araki, Y, Sakatani, N, Schultz, C, Sekizawa, O, Sitzman, SD, Sugiura, K, Sun, M, Dartois, E, Pauw, ED, Dionnet, Z, Djouadi, Z, Falkenberg, G, Fujita, R, Fukuma, T, Gearba, IR, Hagiya, K, Hu, MY, Kato, T, Kawamura, T, Kimura, M, Kubo, MK, Langenhorst, F, Lantz, C, Lavina, B, Lindner, M, Zhao, J, Vekemans, B, Baklouti, D, Bazi, B, Borondics, F, Nagasawa, S, Nishiyama, G, Nitta, K, Mathurin, J, Matsumoto, T, Mitsukawa, I, Miura, H, Miyake, A, Miyake, Y, Yurimoto, H, Okazaki, R, Yabuta, H, Naraoka, H, Sakamoto, K, Tachibana, S, Connolly, HC, Lauretta, DS, Yoshitake, M, Yoshikawa, M, Yoshikawa, K, Yoshihara, K, Yokota, Y, Yogata, K, Yano, H, Yamamoto, Y, Yamamoto, D, Yamada, M, Yamada, T, Yada, T, Wada, K, Usui, T, Tsukizaki, R, Terui, F, Takeuchi, H, Takei, Y, Iwamae, A, Soejima, H, Shirai, K, Shimaki, Y, Senshu, H, Sawada, H, Saiki, T, Ozaki, M, Ono, G, Okada, T, Ogawa, N, Ogawa, K, Noguchi, R, Noda, H, Nishimura, M, Namiki, N, Nakazawa, S, Morota, T, Miyazaki, A, Miura, A, Mimasu, Y, Matsumoto, K, Kumagai, K, Kouyama, T, Kikuchi, S, Kawahara, K, Kameda, S, Iwata, T, Ishihara, Y, Ishiguro, M, Ikeda, H, Hosoda, S, Honda, R, Honda, C, Hitomi, Y, Hirata, N, Hirata, N, Hayashi, T, Hayakawa, M, Hatakeda, K, Furuya, S, Fukai, R, Fujii, A, Cho, Y, Arakawa, M, Abe, M, Watanabe, S & Tsuda, Y 2023, 'Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu: Direct evidence from returned samples', Science, vol. 379, no. 6634, eabn8671. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn8671

TY - JOUR

T1 - Formation and evolution of carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu

T2 - Direct evidence from returned samples

AU - Nakamura, T.

AU - Matsumoto, M.

AU - Amano, K.

AU - Enokido, Y.

AU - Zolensky, M. E.

AU - Mikouchi, T.

AU - Genda, H.

AU - Tanaka, S.

AU - Zolotov, M. Y.

AU - Kurosawa, K.

AU - Wakita, S.

AU - Hyodo, R.

AU - Nagano, H.

AU - Nakashima, D.

AU - Takahashi, Y.

AU - Fujioka, Y.

AU - Kikuiri, M.

AU - Kagawa, E.

AU - Matsuoka, M.

AU - Brearley, A. J.

AU - Tsuchiyama, A.

AU - Uesugi, M.

AU - Matsuno, J.

AU - Kimura, Y.

AU - Sato, M.

AU - Milliken, R. E.

AU - Tatsumi, E.

AU - Sugita, S.

AU - Hiroi, T.

AU - Kitazato, K.

AU - Brownlee, D.

AU - Joswiak, D. J.

AU - Takahashi, M.

AU - Ninomiya, K.

AU - Takahashi, T.

AU - Osawa, T.

AU - Terada, K.

AU - Brenker, F. E.

AU - Tkalcec, B. J.

AU - Vincze, L.

AU - Brunetto, R.

AU - Aléon-Toppani, A.

AU - Chan, Q. H. S.

AU - Roskosz, M.

AU - Viennet, J.-C.

AU - Beck, P.

AU - Alp, E. E.

AU - Michikami, T.

AU - Nagaashi, Y.

AU - Tsuji, T.

AU - Ino, Y.

AU - Martinez, J.

AU - Han, J.

AU - Dolocan, A.

AU - Bodnar, R. J.

AU - Tanaka, M.

AU - Yoshida, H.

AU - Sugiyama, K.

AU - King, A. J.

AU - Fukushi, K.

AU - Suga, H.

AU - Yamashita, S.

AU - Kawai, T.

AU - Inoue, K.

AU - Nakato, A.

AU - Noguchi, T.

AU - Vilas, F.

AU - Hendrix, A. R.

AU - Jaramillo-Correa, C.

AU - Domingue, D. L.

AU - Dominguez, G.

AU - Gainsforth, Z.

AU - Engrand, C.

AU - Duprat, J.

AU - Russell, S. S.

AU - Bonato, E.

AU - Ma, C.

AU - Kawamoto, T.

AU - Wada, T.

AU - Watanabe, S.

AU - Endo, R.

AU - Enju, S.

AU - Riu, L.

AU - Rubino, S.

AU - Tack, P.

AU - Takeshita, S.

AU - Takeichi, Y.

AU - Takeuchi, A.

AU - Takigawa, A.

AU - Takir, D.

AU - Tanigaki, T.

AU - Taniguchi, A.

AU - Tsukamoto, K.

AU - Yagi, T.

AU - Yamada, S.

AU - Yamamoto, K.

AU - Yamashita, Y.

AU - Yasutake, M.

AU - Uesugi, K.

AU - Umegaki, I.

AU - Chiu, I.

AU - Ishizaki, T.

AU - Okumura, S.

AU - Palomba, E.

AU - Pilorget, C.

AU - Potin, S. M.

AU - Alasli, A.

AU - Anada, S.

AU - Araki, Y.

AU - Sakatani, N.

AU - Schultz, C.

AU - Sekizawa, O.

AU - Sitzman, S. D.

AU - Sugiura, K.

AU - Sun, M.

AU - Dartois, E.

AU - Pauw, E. De

AU - Dionnet, Z.

AU - Djouadi, Z.

AU - Falkenberg, G.

AU - Fujita, R.

AU - Fukuma, T.

AU - Gearba, I. R.

AU - Hagiya, K.

AU - Hu, M. Y.

AU - Kato, T.

AU - Kawamura, T.

AU - Kimura, M.

AU - Kubo, M. K.

AU - Langenhorst, F.

AU - Lantz, C.

AU - Lavina, B.

AU - Lindner, M.

AU - Zhao, J.

AU - Vekemans, B.

AU - Baklouti, D.

AU - Bazi, B.

AU - Borondics, F.

AU - Nagasawa, S.

AU - Nishiyama, G.

AU - Nitta, K.

AU - Mathurin, J.

AU - Matsumoto, T.

AU - Mitsukawa, I.

AU - Miura, H.

AU - Miyake, A.

AU - Miyake, Y.

AU - Yurimoto, H.

AU - Okazaki, R.

AU - Yabuta, H.

AU - Naraoka, H.

AU - Sakamoto, K.

AU - Tachibana, S.

AU - Connolly, H. C.

AU - Lauretta, D. S.

AU - Yoshitake, M.

AU - Yoshikawa, M.

AU - Yoshikawa, K.

AU - Yoshihara, K.

AU - Yokota, Y.

AU - Yogata, K.

AU - Yano, H.

AU - Yamamoto, Y.

AU - Yamamoto, D.

AU - Yamada, M.

AU - Yamada, T.

AU - Yada, T.

AU - Wada, K.

AU - Usui, T.

AU - Tsukizaki, R.

AU - Terui, F.

AU - Takeuchi, H.

AU - Takei, Y.

AU - Iwamae, A.

AU - Soejima, H.

AU - Shirai, K.

AU - Shimaki, Y.

AU - Senshu, H.

AU - Sawada, H.

AU - Saiki, T.

AU - Ozaki, M.

AU - Ono, G.

AU - Okada, T.

AU - Ogawa, N.

AU - Ogawa, K.

AU - Noguchi, R.

AU - Noda, H.

AU - Nishimura, M.

AU - Namiki, N.

AU - Nakazawa, S.

AU - Morota, T.

AU - Miyazaki, A.

AU - Miura, A.

AU - Mimasu, Y.

AU - Matsumoto, K.

AU - Kumagai, K.

AU - Kouyama, T.

AU - Kikuchi, S.

AU - Kawahara, K.

AU - Kameda, S.

AU - Iwata, T.

AU - Ishihara, Y.

AU - Ishiguro, M.

AU - Ikeda, H.

AU - Hosoda, S.

AU - Honda, R.

AU - Honda, C.

AU - Hitomi, Y.

AU - Hirata, N.

AU - Hayashi, T.

AU - Hayakawa, M.

AU - Hatakeda, K.

AU - Furuya, S.

AU - Fukai, R.

AU - Fujii, A.

AU - Cho, Y.

AU - Arakawa, M.

AU - Abe, M.

AU - Watanabe, S.

AU - Tsuda, Y.

PY - 2023/2/24

Y1 - 2023/2/24

N2 - Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu were brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We analyzed 17 Ryugu samples measuring 1 to 8 millimeters. Carbon dioxide–bearing water inclusions are present within a pyrrhotite crystal, indicating that Ryugu’s parent asteroid formed in the outer Solar System. The samples contain low abundances of materials that formed at high temperatures, such as chondrules and calcium- and aluminum-rich inclusions. The samples are rich in phyllosilicates and carbonates, which formed through aqueous alteration reactions at low temperature, high pH, and water/rock ratios of lt;1 (by mass). Less altered fragments contain olivine, pyroxene, amorphous silicates, calcite, and phosphide. Numerical simulations, based on the mineralogical and physical properties of the samples, indicate that Ryugu’s parent body formed ~2 million years after the beginning of Solar System formation.

AB - Samples of the carbonaceous asteroid Ryugu were brought to Earth by the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. We analyzed 17 Ryugu samples measuring 1 to 8 millimeters. Carbon dioxide–bearing water inclusions are present within a pyrrhotite crystal, indicating that Ryugu’s parent asteroid formed in the outer Solar System. The samples contain low abundances of materials that formed at high temperatures, such as chondrules and calcium- and aluminum-rich inclusions. The samples are rich in phyllosilicates and carbonates, which formed through aqueous alteration reactions at low temperature, high pH, and water/rock ratios of lt;1 (by mass). Less altered fragments contain olivine, pyroxene, amorphous silicates, calcite, and phosphide. Numerical simulations, based on the mineralogical and physical properties of the samples, indicate that Ryugu’s parent body formed ~2 million years after the beginning of Solar System formation.

U2 - 10.1126/science.abn8671

DO - 10.1126/science.abn8671

M3 - Article

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 379

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6634

M1 - eabn8671

ER -