Resource frameworks for secure (quantum) computing and quantum cryptography

The cornerstones of many quantum cryptographic protocols such as secure multiparty computation and zero-knowledge proofs are cryptographic building blocks like bit-commitment and coin-flipping tasks. Achieving these building block tasks perfectly has been proven impossible in the classical realm. Nevertheless, some of them can be achieved by exploiting quantum resources given certain trade-offs, which signifies the gap between classical and quantum resources. Creating more robust and novel secure functionalities thus faces a challenge, namely, identifying and quantifying quantum features responsible for the power of quantum security in both computational and communication tasks. Recent advancements in cryptanalysis based on different notions of unclonability have revealed the role of unclonability in the security of cryptographic tasks such as coin-flipping and authentication. On the other hand, there is evidence suggesting that unclonability emerges from fundamental properties such as contextuality and nonlocality due to the noncommutative structure of quantum states. Such properties are also responsible for computational quantum advantage. It is thus natural, novel, and timely to bridge the knowledge gap between quantum cryptography and quantum resource theories. This project aims to achieve this goal by fully characterizing quantum resources in cryptographic tasks. Such a tool will pave the way for the development of innovative and more secure quantum protocols and algorithms in the future and deepen our understanding of both fields.